The triplanar movements of the foot are as follows, transverse plane adduction/abduction, frontal plane inversion/eversion, and sagittal plane dorsiflexion/plantarflexion. These movements can further compound into the positions of supination/pROM, up to 5 degrees. [1]
Frontal Motion[]
Frontal motions occur primarily in the subtalar joint and approximately at a 1:1 ratio with transverse plane motion.
Inversion is movement of the plantar surface medially. ROM, up to 35 degrees. [2]
Eversion is movement of the plantar surface late rally. ROM, up to 25 degrees. [3]
Sagittal Motion[]
Sagittal motions occur primarily in the talocrural joint.
Dorsiflexion (true flexion) is movement of the foot upwards, towards the tibia. ROM, up to 18 degrees. [4]
Plantarflexion (extension) is movement of the foot downwards, away from the tibia. ROM, up to 40 degrees. [5]
References[]
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15134619
- ↑ http://osteoarthritis.about.com/od/osteoarthritisdiagnosis/a/range_of_motion.htm
- ↑ http://osteoarthritis.about.com/od/osteoarthritisdiagnosis/a/range_of_motion.htm
- ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsiflexion
- ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantarflexion